Evaluation of Vegetation Conditions for Green Legacy Using Geospatial Technology: A Case of Entoto Natural Park, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Abstract

Vegetation is the most significant natural resource that provides the basic necessities for human existence on Earth. It serves as a vital source of oxygen, food, shelter, and raw materials for manufacturing industries. Additionally, vegetation plays a crucial role in mitigating global warming and climate change. This study was conducted in Entoto Natural Park to evaluate vegetation conditions during dry and wet seasons. The study focused on examining vegetation leaf moisture, chlorophyll concentration, and overall health status of vegetation in Entoto Natural Park. To accomplish this, multi-spectral satellite imagery and spectral indices such as NDWI, GNDVI, and NDVI were utilized. Data analysis was carried out using ArcGIS and ERDAS Imagine software. Spectral indices were calculated from multispectral satellite imagery of vegetation for both dry and wet seasons. The results of the study reveal that eucalyptus trees and Juniperus procera, which are the dominant vegetation in Entoto Natural Park, exhibit relatively low leaf moisture content during the dry season and moderate leaf moisture during the wet season. Also, the study indicates that eucalyptus trees have lower chlorophyll concentration compared to other varieties of vegetation. This implies that the contribution of eucalyptus trees to oxygen emission and CO2 absorption in the environment is relatively lower due to their lower photosynthetic activity when compared to other types of vegetation in the park. Additionally, the study reveals that vegetation health status is relatively lower during the dry season but improves during the wet season. These findings provide valuable information for policymakers regarding the management and preservation of natural resources to combat global warming and climate change. By considering the fluctuations in vegetation health throughout the year and developing strategies to address these variations, policymakers can contribute to the sustainability of ecosystems and the wellbeing of human populations.