Modeling And Performance Analysis Of Free Space Optics As A Backup Link For Fiber Connectivity In Urban Area Using Optisystem

Abstract

The Paper Presents A Study On The Potential Use Of Free Space Optics (FSO) Communication For High-Speed And Reliable Data Transmission In Urban Areas Of Ethiopia, Particularly During Heavy Rain Seasons Or In Cases Where Fiber Connectivity Is Not Feasible Or Cost-Effective. The Study Uses Opti System And Mat Lab To Create An FSO Model Capable Of Transmitting Data At 2.5 Gb/S At Ranges Of 5, 10, 15, 20, And 40 Kilometers, And Examines Various Transmission Parameters, In Cluding Transmission Power, Bit Error Rate (BER), Q-Factors, Optical Signal-To-Noise Ratio (OSNR), Pointing Error, Beam Divergences And Transmission Distances. The Study Shows That 30 Dbm Of Transmitting Power Is Suitable For Improving Data Transmission During Heavy Rain And Fog Seasons In Ambo And Dire Dawa, With A BER Below 10-9for Link Distances Up To 15 Km In Ambo And 20 Km In Dire Dawa, Even In The Presence Of Atmospheric Turbulence; And The FSO Achieves A Maximum Q-Factor Of 33.0451 And A Minimum BER Of 7.8383e-240 With A Rainfall Attenuation Of 0.144 Db/Km And A Link Range Of 20 Km In Autumn Period And These Show That The System Is Capable Of Transmitting Data At A Very High Bit Rate With An Incredibly Low Error Ratein Ambo City. The Result Shows That The Signal-To-Noise Ratio (SNR) Can Be Improved By In Creasing The Numerical Aperture (NA) Sizes For Different Values Of Sigma (0.3, 0.5, 0.8) Using Di Versity Techniques Like Maximum Ratio Combining (MRC), Equal Gain Combining (EGC), And Selection Combining (SC), As Demonstrated Through Simulation Results Obtained Using Mat Lab. The Result Also Analyzes Rytov Variance Impact On BER Performance By Increasing Numer Ical Aperture, Improving SNR, And Reducing Atmospheric Turbulence Impact And Increasing The Link Range. The Study Provides Valuable Insights Into The Potential Use Of FSO Technology For High-Speed And Reliable Data Transmission In Urban Areas Of Ethiopia, Where Fiber Connectiv Ity May Not Be Feasible Or Cost-Effective