Causes and challenges of informal settlements in Adama City at Dhaka- Adii Woreda.

Abstract

There is a causes for existence of informal settlements and also reason for people decide to establish informal settlements. Informal settlements are characterized by a lack of basic services, pollution, overcrowding and poor waste management. These characteristics impact on the environment posing risk and susceptibility to health problems associated with informal settlements. Informal settlement in Adama were a great concern with highest population living in informal settlements. informal settlements were illegally built due to urbanization in an open space, farmland, steep slope, and quarry which do not have legal title deed particularly at expansion of cities. This study focused on the informal settlements at Dhaka-Adii Woreda and the causes and characteristics of informal settlement at the study area. In this study, backgrounds of respondents, causes, characteristics and consequences of the informal settlements regarding its physical, social, and economic dimensions were studied using physical observation, questionnaires, interviews to investigate the actual causes and consequences. Also this study examines the determinant factors for the expansion of informal settlement at the study area. In this study, qualitative and quantitative approaches were used to examine the morphological characteristics of informal settlements. The results indicate that the form of the settlements does not conform to the social, economic, or environmental characteristics of sustainable development. The disordered expansion of settlements, irregular road networks in poor condition, and a lack of consideration and protection of the ecological environment were found to impact urban function and sustainable development.