Design and Performance Analysis of Microstrip Phased Array Antenna for Vehicular Adhoc Network

Abstract

In recent years, devices in communication systems have necessitated the development of low cost, light-weight, small, and low-profile antennas capable of good performance across a broad frequency band. Because of their intrinsic qualities that meet the requirements of modern communication devices, this technical advancement has focused significant work on the construction of micro strip patch antennas. In this thesis, the microstrip line feed Rectangular Microstrip Patch Linear Array Antenna is designed at 23 GHz and 60 GHz operating frequency for VANET applications by using phased array for bandwidth enhancement. Both 23 GHz and 60 GHz operating frequency bands have been allocated to FACS bands by the KCC, which is expected extensively for vehicular communications for short range of communication because of the path loss is minimum over the short distance between vehicles. Firstly we designed our antenna at 23 GHz and 60 GHz operating frequency in which different antenna parameters such as gain, directivity, return loss, polarization, beam width, band width and radiation pattern are analyzed and simulated. The given antenna will prove very useful for VANET to steer the beam in the arrival direction. Further use of 60 GHz frequency makes this antenna more useful as its being unlicensed all over world and providing very high data rates. It is observed that the Single element antenna achieves the gain of 7.77 dB for 23 GHz and 8.77 dB for 60 GHz with the directivity of 8.01 dBi for 23 GHz and 9.07 dBi for 60 GHz, 2x1 elements array achieves the gain of 8.89 dB for 23 GHz and 11.23 dB for 60 GHz with the directivity of 9.11 dBi for 23 GHz and 11.78 dBi for 60 GHz,, 4x1 elements array has the gain of 12 dB for 23 GHz and 13.02 dB for 60 GHz with the directivity of 12.34 dBi for 23 GHz and 13.51 dBi for 60 GHz. The simulation of the design was done with the aid of Computer Simulation Technology (CST) studio version 19 software and matlabR2019a which will be used to calculate the parameters.