Analysis of Urban Sprawl spatial pattern in Akaki Kality Sub city Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Abstract

This research aims to enhance the public's understanding of the diverse environmental and socioeconomic problems that arise from rapid population expansion and urbanization in Ethiopia. Akaki Kality is one of the 11 sub-cities of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia's capital. Since 1975 Akaki Kality was divided into two Woredas namely Woreda 26 and Woreda 27. The sub-city got its name by merging Akaki Kality. Akaki is home to a popular market called Akaki Gebeya, situated in old Akaki town. Three decades ago, most of the land in this sub-city was covered with agricultural crops and forests. The sub city is divided into 11 woreda and 135 sub woreda, as well as 683 Sefers and 1660 blocks administratively. It is home to a diverse range of residents, including factory workers, daily laborers, urban agriculture workers, civil servants, military personnel, unemployed youth and women. Due to rapid urbanization and high population influx, the area was designated as one of the ten sub-cities in 2005.The study used primary and secondary data to achieve its objectives. The primary and secondary data came from a literature review of books, legal documents, reports, and other sources. GIS and remote sensing (RS) have many applications for urban planning, change detection, monitoring, and mapping. For assessment, monitoring, and urban district expansion mapping, remote sensing provides valuable and cost-effective data from various sources, including aerial and satellite images. The study analyzed the unplanned growth of the city’s-built area due to urban sprawl using GIS techniques. The study used aerial photos from 1996, 2006, 2016 and 2022 of the study areas and ERDAS IMAGINE 2015 for accuracy assessment and its results clearly show the increases in its spatial extent by 4.77 % from 1996_2006, 6.04 % from 2006_2016 and 14.95 % from year 1996- 2022 though the era in which vast amount of agricultural or barren land is converted to settlement were from 2016 to 2006, forecasting dynamic change in settlements in Akaki Kality sub city would be highly dependent on the neighboring zones.