Development of Three Armed GLY-LAC Bio-Conjugate for the Efficacy of Ointment Base Matrix and Polymer Plasticizer

Abstract

Biomaterials Have Attracted Increasing Research Interest In Recent Times Because Of Their Renewability, Biodegradability And Non-Toxicity. The Biodiesel Industry Produces A Large Quantity Of Glycerol As A Byproduct That Can Be Used To Synthesize Biomaterials. Glycerol And Glycerol Based Products Are Interesting For Their Wide Applications. Conjugation Of Glycerol With Other Biomolecules Has Been Used To Diversify Its Properties. In This Research, A Poly condensation Reaction Between Glycerol And Lactic Acid Molecule Have Been Used To Developed Three Armed Bio Based Conjugate. Different Conditions Such As; Reaction Temperature, Mixing Ratio And Reaction Time Have Been Tested To Obtain A Visco-Elastic Biomaterial. The Mechanism Of Reaction During This Process Is Well Studied By Different Characterization Techniques; Instrumental And Experimental. The Three-Armed Glycerol-Lactic Acid (Gly-Lac) Conjugates were Synthesized In Different Mixing Ratios. An Ftir And Nmr Analysis Shows The Growth Of Lactic Acid On The Glycerol Core With An Active Three-Armedoh Functional Group Terminal. Depending On The Preliminary Investigation, Reaction Temperature, Mixing Ratio And Reaction Time Highly Affects The Chain Length That Growth On The Backbone Of Glycerol, Whichis The Reason For The Change In The Viscosity. The Acid Value And Degree Of Esterification Were Estimated In Order To Analyze the Poly-Condensation Reaction. It Is Observed That By Controlling The Reaction Condition, It Is Possible To Manipulate The Viscosity. The Synthesized Three Armed Conjugate Having Hydroxyl Group Terminal with The Ability Of Viscosity Adjustment Can Be Used In Different Applications Such As Ointment Base Matrix And Polymer Plasticizer. In This Research Work, Extract Of C. Macro stachyus (Cm) Were Used As An Active Component To Show The Application Of Gly-Lac Conjugate As A Carrier For Simple Ointment Application. Additionally, The Conjugate Was Tested Forits Application As Pla Plasticizer.In The First Investigation, 1 Wt%, 3 Wt%, 5 Wt% And 10 Wt% Of Cm Were Dispersed In Gly-Lac Conjugate Matrix And Anti-Microbial Properties Using Two Different Bacterial Species (E. Coli And S. Aureus) Were Analyzed. Relatively Higher Anti-Bacterial Activity And Viscosity Were Observedfor Ointment-Base Matrix Synthesized At 190 ??C, 8-Hour Reaction Time With Mixing Ratio Of 1:12 Glycerol To Lactic Acid Gly-Lac 1:12.The Result Shows That, Maximum Inhibition Zone Of 24 Mm Was Obtained Duringthe Dispersion Of 10 Wt% Cm (3 Mg/Ml) In Gly-Lac 1:12 Conjugate For Both E. Coli And S. Aureus. Most Interesting, The Gly-Lac 1:12 Conjugate Without The Addition Of Cm XiiiShows High Antimicrobial Activity With Inhibition Zone Of 21 Mm And 22 Mm Respectively For E. Coli And S. Aureus.Further more, End User Performance Of The Ointment Base Matrix Was Testedusing Thermal Stability Analysis, Spread ability, Ph And Other Organolepetic Characteristics.In The Second Investigation, 10 Wt%, 15 Wt%, 20 Wt% And 25 Wt% Of Gly-Lac 1:3 And Gly-Lac 1:12 Were Dispersed In Pla Matrix Using Chloroform As Asolvent Followed By Film Casting. Maximum Elongation At Break Of 220 %Was Obtained For 20 % Gly-Lac 1:3 Incorporated In Pla Matrix, Which Can Be Considered As A Remarkable Improvement As Compared To The Elongation Of Neat Pla Matrix (4.5 %).Even Though The Plasticization Performance Ofgly-Lac 1:3 Is Higher Than The Other Mixing Ratios, Highermigration Rate From The Polymer Matrix Was Also Observed. As The Mixing Ratio Of Glycerol To Lactic Acid Increased From 1:3 To 1:12,The Elongation At Break Reduces By 55 % (164 %Elongation At Break Of Gly-Lac 1:12) Which Is Due To The Increment InChain Length. However, The Chain Length Enlargement Helps To Reduce The Migration Rate. For The Addition Of 20 % Plasticizer Within The Pla Matrix, As A Mixing Ratio Increases From 1:3 To 1:12 The Migration Rate(At 400 Min) Reduces From 3.56 % And 4.25 % To 2.87 % And 3.17 % Respectively At 125 ??C And 150 ??C.