Performance Analysis of Cluster Based Energy Aware Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network in Precision Agriculture

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are currently widely used in sectors like engineering, research, agriculture, and a range of others including surveillance, military applications, and smart automobiles. Precision agriculture (PA) is one of the many applications of WSN. The purpose of putting WSNs in place in PA is to keep track of numerous environmental parameters like humidity, temperature, soil moisture, soil PH, weed monitoring, and so on. Precision agriculture (PA) is a management method that focuses on using information technology to boost quality and productivity. Sensor nodes have suffered from energy concerns and complex routing operations as a result of their restricted capabilities, resulting in data transmission failure and delay in sensor-based agriculture areas. Because sensor nodes are often battery-powered devices, a sensor network's lifetime may be substantially increased if the operating system, application layer, network protocols, and clustering strategy are all designed to be energy-aware. In order to avoid network failure in sensor-based agriculture fields, an energy-aware routing strategy for data transfer is required. In this thesis, we examine several energy-aware routing protocols and leverage heterogeneous sensor nodes to improve crop production quality through weed management and crop health detection. Their lifespan can be extended. We choose the best performing energy-conscious routing protocol, which is most suited for precision agriculture applications, and the heterogeneous aware routing protocol. From the available protocols, we choose SEP DEEC and TSEP and compare their performance. The results shows that TSEP is the best performing protocol in terms of network lifetime and energy efficiency in precision agriculture applications, as well as being more practical for small size areas and less sophisticated than others. TSEP shows better performance compared to the other two protocols. For this, we have evaluated the life time of the sensors from perspective of region size, number of rounds and nodes. We have considered the nodes in random deployment clustering approach to extend the network lifetime, minimize node energy consumption, and maintain coverage. MATLAB platform has been used in simulation scenarios and compare and analyze energy-aware routing protocols