Modeling and Analysis of Microgrid Energy Management System and Control of Standalone Photovoltaic System: (Case Study Ambo University Information Center Technology Building)

Abstract

In recent years, the demand for electricity has been increasing every day, and microgrids have received more and more attention due to efficient and reliable power sources. Due to power fluctuations in power transmission systems, power distribution systems, power quality disturbances, and severe power outages that may cause significant changes in grid voltage and frequency, power systems are facing increasing challenges, and they make the system unstable. Therefore, this unstable power system is leads to insufficient power access, and making it difficult to achieve service continuity, which is more common in Ambo University information center technology. That is why the energy management system of the microgrid and the control of the standalone photovoltaic system are needed. The components used in the microgrid system were such as the maximum power point tracking, photovoltaic panels, batteries, and bi-directional DC to DC converters, and inverters were discussed. Data like solar energy resource, load demand, and weather conditions of the selected area was collected from primary and secondary resources. The energy demand of the selected site is 198.16 kWh. Based on the community's energy demand, CSS-MSP-250W photovoltaic panels, 12V, 200Ah deep cycle batteries were selected. In addition, the cost of the equipment used in the microgrid system is estimated and analyzed. The microgrid system is controlled using a fuzzy logic controller and a proportional, integral, and derivative (PID) controller is employed and analyzed to control the imbalance and variation of energy, to stabilize the DC link voltage at 400V, manage the battery, and fluctuation of power among the microgrid energy management system were proposed in this thesis work. Generally, the microgrid energy management system is efficient, reliable and balanced.