Assessing Socio-Economic Impact of Urban Transport Congestion the Case of Addis Ababa Exit and Entrance, from Asera Simint Mazoria - Ashewa Meda

Abstract

Addis Ababa is one of the most central cities in Ethiopia. With the rapid development of the economy in the last three decades, Addis Ababa, like many other African cities, has met some challenges. People spent much more time travelling, and their quality of life was in danger. My thesis includes five parts: introduction of Addis Ababa, theories and instruments on reducing traffic congestion, instruments that have been used in Addis Ababa, and recommendations for Addis Ababa transportation. Firstly, Addis Ababa?�? background information was discussed in the first chapter. Population and the number of vehicles can be seen as the main reasons for traffic congestion in Addis Ababa. Also other problems are listed: old road structure, the mingling of different transits, low efficiency of public transit, and poor management.Secondly, I discussed theories and instruments that had been used worldwide to reduce traffic congestion. Traffic principles were introduced: triple convergence and ?�?offsetting by growth?�?, which should not be ignored when people were talking about traffic congestion. Then I separated instruments into three parts: physical instruments, market instruments, and regulatory instruments; and I discussed some instruments in these three parts. Thirdly, my attention was focused on Addis Ababa?�?s efforts to reduce traffic congestion. Since Addis Ababa is in the process of rapid urbanization, physical instruments were used most widely to reduce traffic congestion in Addis Ababa. At last, I listed some conclusions and recommendations for Addis Ababa to reduce traffic congestion, which could be classified as supply-side instruments and demand-side instruments. Transport supply consists of a combination of means that make transportation possible. They can be classified as follows: Infrastructure: roads designed for circulation; Means of transportation: vehicles; and The manner in w