Assessment of Urban Noise Pollution and Mitigation on Addis Ababa Congestion Hotspots: in the case of Megenagna

Abstract

Megenagna is one of the most congested areas of the capital of Ethiopia, Addis Ababa. The study was confined to two Roundabouts and six roads radiating roads from Megenagna. Due to urbanization, this noise pollution has been increasing causing health consequences from discomfort to high levels of health risk for extended exposure. This study aimed to undertake a critical study of pollution in elevated sound levels. So that causes were identified, and mitigation measures can be suggested and taken. Noise pollution is of particular importance due to its physical and psychological effects on humans. Noise is an unwanted sound that affects the health and well-being of occupants. The study helps to better the users’ and occupants’ health and environmental well-being. Tthere was no comprehensive study on the level of noise pollution in Megenagna and its impact on residents and users of this route. There was also a lack of data on the sources and patterns of noise pollution in this area, and how they differ from other areas. Furthermore, there was no clear understanding of how to reduce and control noise pollution in Megenagna effectively. Sound Meter was be used for measuring sound levels. In this Descriptive and Experimental study, sound pressure levels were measured by a sound level meter in selected locations around the 6 roadways in Megenagna, which have a high load of traffic during daytime hours. Data was also collected from users, residents, occupants, and workers of the area as to how these present noises were affecting them. The collected data was studied using various statistical software to analyze their mean, frequency, and percentages to identify approaches to mitigate noise pollution in Megenagna. This study found that transportation, advertisement, and human noises exceeded the permissible limit of 65 decibels for commercial areas. The average noise levels during morning rush hour were found to be 78.9 dB, while during afternoon rush hour the average noise levels were 81.4 dB. Average noise measurement as a whole was 80.2dB. to mitigate this level noise measures such as designing area to accommodate more pedestrian and vehicle, establishing and enforcing noise regulations, promoting public education and awareness as well as encouraging the development and use of technology is needed.