Phytochemical, Antibacterial And Antioxidant Studies Of The Leaves Extracts Of Plantago Lanceolata

Abstract

Plantago lanceolata (Plantaginaceae) is a perennial cosmopolitan species traditionally used for blood clotting and healing of wound. In view of its medicinal uses, the powdered leaves were successively extracted with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol to give1.55, 2.16, and 8.2%, respectively. Phytochemical screenings results revealed the presence of flavonoids, phenols, tannins and glycosides in the extracts of leaves of Plantago lanceolanta. The methanol extract after silica gel column chromatography has led to the isolation of two compounds, namely, 6”O-ethyl-4”’-acetyl verbascoside and verbascoside. The structures were elucidated using spectroscopic methods such as NMR and IR. The EtOAc and methanol extracts, and pure compounds isolated from the methanol extract were evaluated in vitro for antibacterial activities by using the disc diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumania and Proteus miabilis .The maximum inhibition zone (20 mm) was shown by 6”-O-ethyl4”’-acetyl verbascoside against S. aureus which is significant compared with Ciprofloxacin showing the significance of this plant against bacteria. The radical scavenging activity of the methanol and ethyl acetate extract, and the isolated 6”-O-ethyl-4”’-acetyl verbascoside and verbascoside compounds were 64.2%, 79.2, 87.7, and 83.9 respectively. Both the isolated compounds displayed powerful radical scavenging activity indicating the potential of this plant as pharmacology.