Optimization Of Hybrid Nano Additives In Diesel-Ethanol Fueled Ci Engines

Abstract

This Study Investigated The Performance And Emission Characteristics Of Diesel-Ethanol Blends Enhanced With Aluminum Oxide (Al2o3) And Cerium Oxide (Ceo2) Nanoparticles In A Single-Cylinder Ci Engine. Utilizing Taguchi??S L9 Orthogonal Array, The Study Systematically Varied Ethanol-Diesel Ratios (E10d90, E20d80, E30d70), Nanoparticle Concentrations (15,30, And 45 Ppm), And Engine Load (25%, 50%, And 80%). Quantitatively, The Study Revealed That The Highest Brake Power (84.8 Kw) And Torque (324 Nm) Were Achieved With The E10d90Blend At 45 Ppm Of Both Nanoparticles Under 80% Load. The E30d70 Blend Demonstrated The Highest Brake Thermal Efficiency (32.5%) At 50% Load. Increasing Ethanol Content FromE10d90 To E30d70 Improved Fuel Efficiency By 10.6%, Reducing Brake-Specific Fuel Consumption (Bsfc) From 260 G/Kwh To 232 G/Kwh, But Increased Exhaust Gas Temperature(Egt) By 10??C. Nox Emissions Decreased By 10% With Ethanol Blends, While Co And Unburned Hydrocarbons (Uhc) Increased By 12.5% And 19%, Respectively. Adding 45 PpmAl2o3 And 15 Ppm Ceo2 At 80% Load Further Reduced Bsfc By 2% And Egt By 5??C. Cerium Oxide (Ceo???) Was Identified As The Most Crucial Nanoparticle Due To Its Superior Catalytic Properties, Significantly Enhancing Combustion Efficiency And Reducing Emissions. Its Delta Values Of 2.66 In The "Larger Is Better" S/N Ratio (For Performance Metrics) And 0.47 In The" Smaller Is Better" S/N Ratio (For Emissions) Underscored Its Dominant Influence Compared To Aluminum Oxide And Other Parameters. However, Concerns About Engine Wear Arise With Higher Ethanol Concentrations, Such As E30d70, As Ethanol??S Lower Lubricity And Higher Corrosiveness Can Potentially Accelerate Engine Component Degradation Over Time. The Decrease In Nox Emissions With Increasing Ethanol Concentration Can Be Attributed To Ethanol??S Higher Oxygen Content, Which Promotes More Complete Combustion And Lowers Peak Combustion Temperatures, Thereby Reducing Thermal Nox Formation. These Findings Demonstrated That Increased Ethanol Content And Cerium Oxide Concentrations Generally Enhanced Performance, While Increased Load Positively Impacted Key Metrics.