Design And Metrics Computation Of Microstrip Patch Antenna For Brain Cancer Detection

Abstract

Brain tumors are a leading cause of death all around the world. Because of its small size and several drawbacks of the techniques employed for brain tumor detection, detecting the presence of a brain tumor at an early stage is challenging. In this study, a Rectangular Microstrip Patch Array Antenna with a frequency range of 4 GHz to 7 GHz and a resonance frequency of 6 GHz has been designed in the CST Studio Suite Software to detect brain cancer. The Antenna is designed using FR-4 as a Substrate material and Copper Annealed as Radiating Patch and Ground Plane. The antenna is fabricated on FR4-substrate having relative permittivity 4.3 and thickness 1.57mm. The human brain Model has been designed in the CST software having three different layers such as skin, fat and Brain. In addition, a 5mm tumor was also implanted in the human brain. The designed Antenna is applied in the brain Model both with Tumor and without tumor to analyze the Performance of Antenna. A Scattering Parameter (S11) of -31.756dB and -31.943dB are achieved respectively after applying the Antenna in the brain phantom with and without tumor. The Specific Absorption Rate is another Parameter which has been analyzed. Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) value of Normal Brain tissue is 0.903w/kg and SAR value of Cancer Affected Brain Tissue is found to be 3.36w/kg. Specific Absorption Rate of Cancerous tissue is much greater than the normal brain model which shows the Presence of Affected tissue. Other obtained performance parameter values, such as Directivity, Gain, Current Density, and Surface Current were also Analyzed in this research work. The Antenna could be a better option for detecting brain tumors.