Evaluation Of Drinking Water Quality In Urban Water Supply System From Source To End Users: The Case Of Bishoftu City, Ethiopia

Abstract

Water Quality Refers To The Physical, Chemical, And Biological Factors That Control How Water Is Used In Daily Life. Water-Related Diseases Are Caused By Tainted Drinking Water. The Purpose Of The Study Was To Investigate Bishoftu City's Drinking Water Supply System At Both The Source And The End User. A Total Of 45 Water Samples Were Taken From 31 Homes (End-User Outlets), 12 Boreholes, And Two Reservoirs. Using The Standard Methods Of Analysis Procedure, The Samples' PH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Chloride, Magnesium (Mg2+), Calcium (Ca2+), Total Hardness, And Microbiological Parameters (Total Coliform E- Coli Measured In Colony Forming Units CFU) Were All Analyzed. All Of The Water Samples Had Findings Ranging From 7.9 To 6.32 PH, 358 To 491 S/Cm Electrical Conductivity, 25 To 78 Mg/L Chloride, 78 To 127 Mg/L Calcium, 26 To 64 Mg/L Magnesium, And 181 To 350 Mg/L Total Hardness. Except For Calcium from All Sources, All Other Physicochemical Parameters Complied With Who Guidelines and National Standards. Moreover, The Results Revealed That All Biological Parameters Were In Compliance With The Standards, Excluding Escherichia Coli (1- 7/100ml) At Sample Point 14 And Sample Point 15, And Total Coliform (1-22/100ml). Furthermore, The Finding Showed That The Tap Water Samples Were More Contaminated As They Were Refilled From End Users Suggests That Bishoftu City Water Supply System Is Insufficiently Treated At The End User. Regarding Bacteriological Water Quality, Bacterial Coliforms And E-Coli Were Found In Outlet Tap Water Samples, Indicating That The Water Supply System Requires Treatment In The Form Of Adding Chlorine. Therefore, To Reduce The Hazards And Problems Associated With The Current Water Quality, Notably The Bacteriological Water Quality And Chlorine Issue, The City Water Utility Must Give The Bishoftu City Water Supply System More Attention.