Spatial Distribution Analysis Of Crime Against Property And Crime Against Person Using Gis: A Case Of Adama City, Ethiopia

Abstract

Spatial Distribution Of Crimes Against Property And Crimes Against Person Were Analyzed Using Gis In Adama City, In Ethiopia, For The Period Of 2013 And 2014. In The Study, Both Statistical And Spatial Analyses Were Performed. Accordingly, The Rate Of Crime Per 1000 Persons, Point Density Estimation, Area Density Estimation, Kernel Density Estimation, Proximity And Both Overlay & Crime Rate Per Square Kilometers Analyses Were Carried Out To Reveal The Spatial Distribution Of Crime In Adama City. The Finding Suggests That The Rate Of Crime Incident Is Increasing By 11.2 % Compared To The 2013 And The 2014 Number Of Crimes In Adama City. The Reason Is; Because Of Unplanned Urban Expansion, Rapid Population Increment Particularly Due To Migrations And The Police Manual Crime Analyzing Scheme In The City. Crime Against Property Is The Highest From The Two Categories Which Account 62.14 % From The Total. The Rate Of Crime Against Property Per 1000 Persons Is Highest In Kebele 08 Which Is 12.7 Crimes While; Crime Against Person Is Highest In Kebele 06 Which Account 9.9 Crimes Per 1000 Persons. Using The Three Gis Crime Hotspot Identification Techniques Which Are Point Density Estimation, Area Density Estimation And Kernel Density Estimation Reveals That, The Center Of Adama City Is Identified As Crime Hotspot Area. The Proximity Analysis Revealed That Both Crimes Against Property And Crimes Against Person Are Highest In The Distance Between 250m And 500m From The Police Station Which They Account 37.87 % From The Total Crimes. The Results Of The Spatial Relationship Of Crime Incidents With Land Use And Population Density Revealed That, Most Of The Crimes Were Committed On Commercial And Very High Populated Areas Which They Account 434.26 And 430 Crimes Per Square Kilometers Respectively. Therefore, There Were Strong Relationships Between The Rate Of Crime Incidents With Land Use And Population Density.