Removal Of Fluoride From Drinking Water Using A Mixture Of Bone Char And Coffee Parchment Activated Carbon

Abstract

The defluoridation of ground water is regarded as one of the key areas of attention among the universal water community. The present investigation deals with fluoride removal from aqueous Solution by thermally activated adsorbents prepared from cow bone and coffee parchment. The adsorbent was prepared from a mixture of BC and CPAC in the ratio by mass (g) of 2 to 1 respectively and it was selected based on its performance to remove fluoride ions and the properties of treated water. Fluoride ion selective electrode was used for the determination of fluoride ion concentration. Batch experiments were conducted to establish the optimal conditions like pH, dose of the adsorbent, and contact time. The optimum pH was found to be 3 for the adsorbents, and the optimum dose was found to be 3 g/100 mL at 5 h contact time and Co =15 mg/L. The concentrations determined in real water sample Serity water and Didbibisa sites were 10.5 and 3.12 mg/L, respectively. The prepared adsorbents was applied on these water samples under optimized conditions and found to be effective with removal efficiency ranging from 91 to 92%. The adsorption process obeyed Freundlich adsorption model. From the kinetic perspective, the fluoride adsorption followed the pseudo second-order reaction kinetics.