Analyzing Spatio-Temporal Climate Variability Using Geospatial Technology: A Case Of North Shewa, Oromia, Ethiopia

Abstract

Climate Change Has Been One Of The Most Environmental Problems Facing The World Today. Many Studies Were Made On The Issue Of Climate Change In Different Parts Of The Countries, Based On Rainfall And Temperature Data. There Was Still A Wide Zone Variation Among The Study Area And Some Lapse In It. Hence, This Study Aims At Analyzing Climate Variability Based On Temperature, Rainfall And Satellite Image. Gridded Rainfall And Temperature Data, And Satellite Image For 30 Years, Were Used For Analysis. The Overall Average Rainfall In The Last 30 Years Was 1036.50 Mm With Standard Deviation Of + 27.27 Mm And Coefficient Of Variation 2.63 %. The Annual Rainfall And Pattern Show A Considerable Fluctuation, One Year There Is A Slight Positive Anomaly And On The Other Year Shows Negative Anomalies. Based On Drought Index Classification, The Statistical Result Revealed That In The Area Extremely Dry Was Observed In 2002- 2004. In The Year 2000,2001 And 2011 Severely Dry Was Observed. Moderate Drought Was Occurred In 2005 And 2015. No Drought (Nearly Normal) That Was Observed In The Rest Observation. The Total Average Rainfall Of Kiremt Season Between 1990And 2020 Was Found To Be 762.28 Mm With +18.74 Mm Standard Deviation And Coefficient Of Variation 2.46%. The Mean Maximum Temperature Of The Study Area Over Thirty Years?? Time Ranging From 1990 To 2020 Was 26.030c With Standard Deviation +1.250c And Coefficient Of Variation 4.80%. From The Result, There Was Linear Correlation Between Mean Annual Rainfall And Calculated Ndvi Value. The R2Value Was 0.8749. Regarding To The Graph There Was Negative Correlation (-0.88 Correlation Coefficient) Of Mean Annual Temperature And Mean Annual Ndvi Value Of The Year 1990 To 2020, With 0.766 Value Of R2. From The Rscci, In Thirty Years Observation There Was 0.013% Decrement In Area Of Dega Region From 1990 To 2020, And Increment Of Woinadega And Kola By 0.004% And 0.01% Respectively. The Highest Proportion Of The Area Falls Within Dega (49.93%) Of The Total Area. The Second Highest (30.54%) Area Falls Within Woinadega And Kola Occupied Small Portion (19.53%) Of The Study Area. Based On The Finding Of This Study, Possible To Predict That The Study Area Climate Would Project To Dega (49.53%), Woinadega (30.66%) And Kola (19.81%) Agro-Ecology For The Next Thirty Years (2050).