Preparation Of Modified Clay Ceramic Materials For Fluoride Removal From Drinking Water

Abstract

The present study shows the preparation of modified clay ceramic material for removal of fluoride from drinking water. The prepared adsorbent is characterized using XRD, FT-IR, and complete Silicate analysis. Batch adsorption studies were carried out which include the effect of initial pH of the solution, contact time, adsorbent dose and initial fluoride concentration on the adsorption capacity of modified clay ceramic material (C3).The fluoride efficiency was characterized using fluoride ion selective electrode. Fluoride adsorption was found to be pH dependent and 91.6 % of fluoride was removed at pH 3.0 and in the range of the WHO guideline for drinking water, at pH = 7.03, 73% of fluoride was removed. The equilibrium data have been analyzed by the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The adsorption kinetics has been investigated by the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The intra-particle diffusion was confirmed that adsorption of fluoride ion on this adsorbent was multi- step process involving adsorption on external surface as well as diffusion in to the interior surface. The modified clay ceramic material had good removal efficiency for the collected real water samples. It reduces the fluoride ion concentration of the real water samples to desirable fluoride ion containing drinking water. In comparison with other adsorbents from different countries, the adsorption capacity obtained for modified clay ceramic material fall in the range for those of adsorbents, which was shown in the earlier studies values.