Pretreatment Of Industrial Potato Peel Waste To Produce Enhanced Bio-Ethanol Under Optimal Conditions

Abstract

The Need For Sustainable And Safe Alternative Energy Sources Has Arisen Due To Environmental Issues, The Growing Demand For Energy, Increasing Fossil Fuel Prices, And The Depletion Of Fossil Fuel Reserves. Biofuels Are Considered Promising Alternatives To Fossil Fuels. Especially The Second- And Third-Generation Biofuels, Which Are Generated From Agro-Industrial Waste, Can Minimize The Total Disposal Of Residues And Contribute To The Total Renewable Energy Supply. This Study Focuses On The Sustainable Utilization Of Potato Peel Waste (Ppw) As A Viable Raw Material In A Bio-Refinery, Aiming To Produce Bioethanol. The Potato Peel Used In This Study Consists Of35.2% Starch, Non-Starch Polysaccharide (21.65%), Lignin (20.4%), Extractives (14%) And Ash(5.3%) On An Air-Dry Basis. The Conversion Of These Potato Waste Materials Into Bioethanol Involves Several Stages. In This Particular Study, Alkali Pretreatment Of Potato Peel Waste Was Conducted And Optimization Of Different Pretreatment Conditions Such As Alkali Concentration, Pretreatment Temperature, And Time Were Performed Using Design Expert Software. Maximum Delignification Efficiency Was 77.82 ??2.1%, With Enhanced Cellulose Recovery Of 89.7??1.5%, And Starch Recovery Of 80.3??1.2% Were Attained At The Optimum Conditions Of Alkali Concentration (3.3% V/V), Pretreatment Temperature (70oc) And Time (3.5 Hr). The Data Obtained From Pretreatment Were Statistically Analyzed Using A One-Way Anova And Validated Experimentally. Sem, Ftir And Xrd Analyses Were Used To Characterize The Raw Ppw And Alkali Pretreated Ppw. The Sem And Ftir Spectra Revealed The Removal Of Lignin From The Ppw Biomass By Alkali Pretreatment. The Xrd Results Also Confirmed A Change In The Crystallinity Index Of Ppw. Subsequently, The Dilute Sulfuric Acid Hydrolysis Of Pretreated Ppw Hydrolset Was Investigated Under Various Acid Concentrations, Temperatures And Hydrolysis Times. The Maximum Glucose Concentration Attained Was 46.5 Mg/Ml At 65 Oc With An Acid Concentration Of 15% (V/V) For 60Min Of Hydrolysis Time. Ethanol Fermentation Was Carried Out At 30 Oc With 150 Rpm For 3 Days With The Recovered Glucose Using Saccharomyces Cerevisiae. The Maximum Bioethanol Concentration Of 21.04 Mg/Ml Was Attained.