Assessment Of Risk Factors And Clinical Presentation Of Ectopic Pregnancy Among Suspected Women Visiting Bishoftu General Hospital, East Showa Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

Abstract

Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is one of the leading causes of maternal death in the first trimester. The present study was designed to asses Risk factors and Clinical Presentation of Ectopic pregnancy among suspected women visiting Bishoftu General Hospital from January to July 2017. Primary data were collected using questionnaire from patients purposively and analyzed using statistical software SPSS version 20. A total of 1230 patients were admitted during the study time. Among this 84 (6.83%) of them suspected to have ectopic pregnancy and about 62 (73.81%) patients had ectopic pregnancy that was confirmed by surgical result giving ratio of five per 100. The history reveling lower abdominal pain (100 %), Amenorrhea (99 %) and vaginal bleeding (90 %) were the most clinical presentation. Ruptured ectopic pregnancy was (88.7 %). Most patients were presented with more than one symptom like abdominal tenderness, rebound tenderness and muscle guarding the same value (94 %), hypertension (88.1 %) and shock (60.7 %). Classical triad and urine pregnancy test had highest predictive values to diagnosis ectopic pregnancy. The average days of hospital stay was 4 days that was related with low hemoglobin level and blood transfusion. Past sexually transmitted diseases (86.9 %), alcoholism (84.5 %) and past history of cesarean section (13.1 %) were the most common relevant risk factors of ectopic pregnancy. Ovary cyst (22.6 %), ovarian-torsion (22.6 %), pregnancy related condition (14.35 %), endometriosis 13.1 % and kidney disease (13.1 %) had mostly related signs and symptoms with ectopic pregnancy. All patients (100%) were treated surgically with good out-come. The most clinical exhibitions were lower abdominal pain, Amenorrhea and vaginal bleeding. Past sexually transmitted diseases, alcoholism and past cesarean section were significant risk factors for causing ectopic pregnancy. Ovary cyst, ovarian-torsion, pregnancy related condition, endometriosis and kidney disease were the most common differential diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy. In early pregnancy with lower abdominal pain, amenorrhea, vaginal bleeding and shock, ectopic pregnancy must be suspected and health professionals must be ectopic minded to early diagnosis of the case.