Development Of Bio-Based Bone Adhesive From Lactic Acid Oligomer Modified Croton Macrostachyus (Bsana) Crude Leaf Extract

Abstract

Complex physiological processes that call for well-coordinated biological events are involved in healing bone fractures. Through a variety of interventions, the use of bioadhesives for fracture healing has been supported in recent years. In this study, a bio based bone adhesive made from C.macrostachyus leaf extract and Lactic acid monomer mixed at different proportions was synthesized via polycondensation reaction in order to find a more effective solution to some of the problems associated with the use of metal hardware and synthetic adhesive in fracture repair. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to study the optimum condition for extracting C. macrostachyus leaf with n hexane. The experiment was conducted using the Box-Benhken method consisted of seventeen experimental points, including five replicates of center points to study the effect of three independent variables: temperature, time and mixing ratio on the crude oil yield. The result showed that the optimum conditions of C. macrostachyus leaf extraction were 60 °C, 4.25 h and 0.28 wt/wt% with an oil yield of 11.7%. Qualitative phytochemicals analysis of the crude extract was carried out using standard protocols and showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins and terpenes but an absence of saponins. At different mixing ratios, biobased adhesives were synthesized at a reaction temperature of 170 oC for 5 hr. The interaction between OH groups of crude extract and C=O of a lactic acid oligomer was confirmed by FTIR analysis. The OLLA-m-CM 3 had the largest inhibition zone for the synthetic bioadhesives’ antibacterial properties, measuring roughly 11mm and 12mm for E. coil (gram-ve) and S. aureus (gram+ve) bacteria, respectively. According to the water contact angle investigation, OLLA-m-CM 1, 2, and 3 had contact angles of 77.8°, 65.4°, and 56.7°, respectively. Finally, a universal testing machine was used to determine the bonding strength of the three synthesized adhesives. Glass and bone substrates both experienced cohesive failure at maximum tensile strengths of 8 and 11 MPa, respectively. Therefore, the outcome suggested the potential use of C. macrostachyus leaf extract modified with lactic acid oligomer as a substitute to synthesize bio-based bone adhesive.Complex Physiological Processes That Call For Well-Coordinated Biological Events Are Involved In Healing Bone Fractures. Through A Variety Of Interventions, The Use Of Bioadhesives For Fracture Healing Has Been Supported In Recent Years. In This Study, A Bio Based Bone Adhesive Made From C.Macrostachyus Leaf Extract And Lactic Acid Monomer Mixed At Different Proportions Was Synthesized Via Polycondensation Reaction In Order To Find A More Effective Solution To Some Of The Problems Associated With The Use Of Metal Hardware And Synthetic Adhesive In Fracture Repair. Response Surface Methodology (Rsm) Was Applied To Study The Optimum Condition For Extracting C. Macrostachyus Leaf With N Hexane. The Experiment Was Conducted Using The Box-Benhken Method Consisted Of Seventeen Experimental Points, Including Five Replicates Of Center Points To Study The Effect Of Three Independent Variables: Temperature, Time And Mixing Ratio On The Crude Oil Yield.The Result Showed That The Optimum Conditions Of C. Macrostachyus Leaf Extraction Were 60 ??C, 4.25 H And 0.28 Wt/Wt% With An Oil Yield Of 11.7%. Qualitative Phytochemicals Analysis Of The Crude Extract Was Carried Out Using Standard Protocols And Showed The Presence Of Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Phenols, Tannins And Terpenes But An Absence Of Saponins.At Different Mixing Ratios, Biobased Adhesives Were Synthesized At A Reaction Temperature Of 170 Oc For 5 Hr. The Interaction Between Oh Groups Of Crude Extract And C=O Of A Lactic Acid Oligomer Was Confirmed By Ftir Analysis. The Olla-M-Cm 3 Had The Largest Inhibition Zone For The Synthetic Bioadhesives?�? Antibacterial Properties, Measuring Roughly 11mm And 12mm For E. Coil (Gram-Ve) And S. Aureus (Gram+Ve) Bacteria, Respectively. According To The Water Contact Angle Investigation, Olla-M-Cm 1, 2, And 3 Had Contact Angles Of 77.8??, 65.4??, And 56.7??, Respectively. Finally, A Universal Testing Machine Was Used To Determine The Bonding Strength Of The Three Synthesized Adhesives. Glass And Bone Substrates Both Experienced Cohesive Failure At Maximum Tensile Strengths Of 8 And 11 Mpa, Respectively. Therefore, The Outcome Suggested The Potential Use Of C. Macrostachyus Leaf Extract Modified With Lactic Acid Oligomer As A Substitute To Synthesize Bio-Based Bone Adhesive.