Monitoring Surface Water Dynamics In Ethiopian???S Rift Valley Lakes Using Sentinel 1 And Sentinel 2 Data On Google Earth Engine

Abstract

Surface Water Bodies Are Important Natural Assets That Help Ecosystems, Biodiversity, Agriculture, And Human Livelihoods. This Study Specializes In Mapping And Monitoring The Dynamics Of Floor Water Our Bodies In The Rift Valley Lakes Basin. A Quantitative Studies Technique Becomes Adopted In This Study To Assess And Reveal The Dynamics Of Surface Water Bodies Within The Rift Valley Lakes Basin Of Ethiopia. The Analysis Became Primarily Based On Multi-Temporal Satellite TV For Pc Records From Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) And Sentinel-2 Optical Sensors, Masking A Length From 2015 To 2025. Data Preprocessing Becomes Conducted Totally In The Google Earth Engine (Gee) Cloud Computing Platform. The Preprocessing Steps Blanketed Speckle Noise Filtering, Thermal Noise Removal, Date Filtering, And Clipping And Extraction Of The Have A Look At Region To Prepare The Facts For Analysis. For The Real Statistics Evaluation, Two Number One Strategies Have Been Applied. Otsu???S Computerized Thresholding Method Changed Into Used On Sentinel-1 SAR Records To Efficiently Distinguish Water From Non-Water Areas Primarily Based On Backscatter Intensity. For Sentinel-2 Statistics, The Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) Become Computed To Pick Out And Map Water Our Bodies Based On Spectral Reflectance Inside The Inexperienced And Close To-Infrared Bands. Major Findings Found Out A Significant Expansion Of The Abaya-Chamo Lake Gadget, From ~70,000 Ha In 2015 To Over One Hundred,000 Ha Through 2017, Accompanied Through Stabilization With Minor Fluctuations, Indicating A Catchment-Driven Hydrological Reaction To Heavy Rainfall, As Visible All Through The El Ni??O Period. Abiyata Lake, Impacted Via Anthropogenic Activities Like Water Diversion, Showed A Marked Decline In Floor Location From ~15,000 Ha In 2015 To ~10,500 Ha Via 2020, With Recuperation To ~Sixteen,000 Ha By Way Of 2025. Backscatter Evaluation Found Out That Zeway, Shala, And Langano Lakes Skilled Varied Water Surface Adjustments, With Zeway Displaying A Decline From About -21 Db In 2015 To -22.5 Db By Means Of 2017, Whilst Shala And Langano Had Strong Backscatter Trends Submit-2017. Hawassa, With Its Closed Drainage System, Showed Minimal Fluctuations, Stabilizing Round Eight,350 Ha By Way Of 2015 And Slightly Increasing To Eight,450 Ha By Way Of 2025. The Take A Look At Discovered Vast Modifications Inside The Floor Water Dynamics Of Rift Valley Lakes From 2015 To 2025, With Abaya-Chamo Expanding And Stabilizing, Abiyata Reducing And Recovering, And Zeway, Shala, Langano, And Hawassa Displaying Various Trends In Surface Area And Backscatter Balance.