Phytochemical Investigation And Antibacterial Activity Of The Stem Bark Of Securidaca Longepedunclata

Abstract

Securidaca Longepedunclata Is Traditionally Used In Africa For Treating Different Diseases Such As Hernias, Coughs, Fever, Ascariasis, Constipation, Headaches, Stomach Ache, Malaria, Tuberculosis, Pain, Epilepsy, Pneumonia, Skin Infections Etc. With The Aim To Explore The Chemical Constituents And Antibacterial Activity Of S. Longepedunclata, The Stem Bark Was Successively Extracted With N-Hexane, Etoac And Meoh, To Furnish 0.52%, 1% And 10.2% Yield Respectively. Phytochemical Screening Of The Extracts Show That The Stem Bark Of The Plant Contains Secondary Metabolites Such As Alkaloids, Phenols, Flavonoids, Terpenoids, Cardiac Glycosayides, And Saponins. The Etoac Extract After Silica Gel Column Chromatograp Hy Yielded Three Compounds Namely 1, 7-Dihydroxy-4-Methoxyxanthone, 9h-Xanthene-3,5diol And Oleic Acid. The Structural Elucidations Of These Compounds Were Done By The Use Of Spectroscopic Methods Including Ftir, 1h Nmr, 13c Nmr And Dept 135 Nmr. To The Best Of My Knowledge Compound 21 And Compound 22 Were Isolated For The First Time From This Species. Furthermore The N-Hexane, Etoac And Meoh Extracts And The Isolated Compounds Were Evaluated For Anti Bacterial Activity By Using Hinton Agar Well Diffusion Method Against Four Bacteria Strains Namely, Escherchia Coli, Salmonella Typhi, Bacillus Subtillus And Staphylococcus Aureus. The N-Hexane, Etoac And Meoh Extracts Show Zi Of 14, 15 And 12mm Against S. Aureus And 12, 11, And 11mm Against E.Coli. The Two Compounds: 1, 7dihydroxy-4-Methoxyxanthone And 9h-Xanthene-3, 5-Diol Show Zi Of 15 & 16mm Against S.Aureus And 9 & 11mm Against E. Coli. The Results Obtained Substantiate The Traditional Use Of This Plant Against Diarrhoea, Pneumonia And Other Inflammatory Diseases Caused By Bacteria.