Assessment of the Applications of Digital Tools and Technologies in Material Management System: The Case of Mega Building Construction Projects in Addis Ababa

Abstract

Material management in Addis Ababa's Mega building projects suffers from inefficiencies impacting project outcomes. Despite the potential of digital technologies, adoption is limited. This study investigates the application of digital tools to enhance material management systems in this context. The research aimed to (1) assess current material management practices, (2) identify barriers to digital adoption, (3) prioritize key digital technologies, and (4) develop a strategic implementation framework. A mixed-methods approach used questionnaire surveys (n=42 professionals) and semi-structured interviews (n=8 key informants) alongside document analysis. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Relative Importance Index (RII), and thematic analysis. Current practices show low implementation (RII range: 0.3000-0.5524), with significant weaknesses in technology use (RII=0.3190), inventory tracking (RII=0.3000), and ICT sharing (RII=0.3000). Significant barriers (RII range: 0.6143-0.8762) include BIM ecosystem challenges (lack of capable subcontractors, legal framework ambiguity, risk/cost allocation difficulties; RII=0.8762), lack of standards (RII=0.8619), technology non-availability (RII=0.8762), and deficits in skills/awareness (RIIs ??? 0.8571), correlating with low reported digital familiarity (64.3% unfamiliar). Stakeholders prioritize foundational technologies like Bar-coding (RII=0.8190), Digital PM Systems (RII=0.8095), Excel (RII=0.8000), and BIM (RII=0.7905) over advanced tools like IoT (RII=0.4667). Based on these findings, a six-phase strategic framework was developed, emphasizing assessment, phased planning, pilot testing, capacity building, scaled integration, monitoring, and enabling policy/collaboration. Material management in Addis Ababa's Mega projects relies on inefficient traditional methods, hindered by interconnected barriers related to BIM maturity, standards, skills, cost, and infrastructure. A context-specific, phased strategic approach focusing on foundational technologies and capacity building is essential. The proposed framework offers a roadmap for stakeholders to improve efficiency and project outcomes through guided digital adoption.