The effect of processing conditions on the physiochemical properties of tannery waste based adhesive target for wood binding application

Abstract

Glue produced from tannery waste (pelt) have long history with respect to its applications. It used in structural adhesives, sizes and consolidates not only in furniture making but also in the preparation and conservation of the most varied materials such as those found in natural history collections. Ethiopia has one of the largest livestock populations in the world providing a strong raw material base for the leather industry. Due to improper disposal of the solid wastes from different production of leather processing, there is loss of byproducts which resulted environmental pollution. Therefore, this research aimed at characterizing the lime pelt, optimizing the process parameter for glue production and quality characterization of the glue. Standard methods such as ASTM was used. The samples were processed/soaked with lime (2-10%) for several weeks (2-5 weeks) and boiled for about 4 hrs. at 60 oC to 90 oC for glue extraction. Further, the extract was analyzed for its pH, viscosity, ash content, and moisture content. The pelt characterization showed higher mineral contents which ranges (5.9- 4285 mg/kg). Soaking of the pelt, in 10% lime solution, for 2 weeks and boiling at 90oC were found to be the optimum conditions for glue extraction. At this optimum process parameters, the viscosity, yield, moisture content and Ash content were 201 mP, 0.17g / g of pelt, 14.2% and 6.54% respectively. From the mechanical test results, it can be concluded as the glue produced at the optimum conditions can be used as a wood adhesive.