Investigation and Multi-Response Optimization of Process Parameters in Stretch Blow Molding of PET Plastic Bottlesto Minimize Defects

Abstract

Plastic waste in (PET) Polyethylene Terephthalate bottles is posing new challenges, which in the current situation is a major concern in every industry. The defect in PET bottles mainly occurs due to improper selection of levels of process parameters during the production process. Therefore, optimizations of process parameters are very important to minimize defects produced due to improper stretch blow molding process parameter selections. The study is carried out on 2liter bottles since they have the highest demand and the highest defect rate in the PET bottling sector. In this research, the PET bottles have been developed from the preform at various blowing temperature, blowing speed and blowing angle on commercially available SBM setup. The design and plan of experiments have been done according to L9 orthogonal array of Taguchi method. The optimization of process parameters have been done through the hybrid Taguchi-Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) optimization technique on four factors namely: blowing temperature, first blow angle, second blow angle and blowing speed. The each value of parameter was taken at three levels in combination. The testing of all samples such as tensile test, wall thickness measurement and hoop stretch ratio measurement have been carried out as per ASTM standards. The morphology of the samples has been carried out through (SEM) Scanning Electron Microscope. A maximum tensile strength of 65 MPa, minimum hoop stretch ratio of 5.45 and a maximum wall thickness 0.24mm was found at varying process parameter combinations. Among the process parameters, it has been discovered that: blowing temperature was the most significant factor for minimizing defects while second blow angle was the least significant parameter. It was found that optimized values of the process parameters yielded 15% reduction in defects on PET bottles. The present study is expected to contribute significantly for the industries working in this field for carrying out production at optimum levels of process parameters for defect free products.Plastic Waste In (Pet) Polyethylene Terephthalate Bottles Is Posing New Challenges, Which In The Current Situation Is A Major Concern In Every Industry. The Defect In Pet Bottles Mainly Occurs Due To Improper Selection Of Levels Of Process Parameters During The Production Process. Therefore, Optimizations Of Process Parameters Are Very Important To Minimize Defects Produced Due To Improper Stretch Blow Molding Process Parameter Selections. The Study Is Carried Out On 2liter Bottles since They Have the Highest Demand and the Highest Defect Rate in the Pet Bottling Sector. In This Research, The Pet Bottles Have Been Developed From The Preform At Various Blowing Temperature, Blowing Speed And Blowing Angle On Commercially Available Sbm Setup. The Design And Plan Of Experiments Have Been Done According To L9 Orthogonal Array Of Taguchi Method. The Optimization Of Process Parameters Have Been Done Through The Hybrid Taguchi-Grey Relational Analysis (Gra) Optimization Technique On Four Factors Namely: Blowing Temperature, First Blow Angle, Second Blow Angle And Blowing Speed. The Each Value Of Parameter Was Taken At Three Levels In Combination. The Testing Of All Samples Such As Tensile Test, Wall Thickness Measurement And Hoop Stretch Ratio Measurement Have Been Carried Out As Per Astm Standards. The Morphology Of The Samples Has Been Carried Out Through (Sem) Scanning Electron Microscope. A Maximum Tensile Strength Of 65 Mpa, Minimum Hoop Stretch Ratio Of 5.45 And A Maximum Wall Thickness 0.24mm Was Found At Varying Process Parameter Combinations. Among The Process Parameters, It Has Been Discovered That: Blowing Temperature Was The Most Significant Factor For Minimizing Defects While Second Blow Angle Was The Least Significant Parameter. It Was Found That Optimized Values Of The Process Parameters Yielded 15%Reduction In Defects On Pet Bottles. The Present Study Is Expected To Contribute Significantly For The Industries Working In This Field For Carrying Out Production At Optimum Levels Of Process Parameters For Defect Free Products.