Investigation Of The Effects Of Tig Welding Parameters On Orbital Welding Of Mild Steel Pipes Optimized Through Taguchi-Based Hybrid Grey Relational Analysis

Abstract

TIG or Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) is a pivotal metal-fusing process essential for manufacturing robust metal structures. Among various methods, GTAW is renowned for producing high-quality welds, particularly in critical industries such as oil, gas, and energy. This research investigates the optimization of TIG welding parameters for 1020 mild steel pipes using a hybrid approach that integrates Grey Relational Analysis with the Taguchi method. TIG welding is valued for its precision, producing strong, high-quality welds in thin materials and non-ferrous metals. It allows filler-free welding, maintains cleanliness, and minimizes heat input, reducing warping. The study aims to identify key parameters affecting mechanical properties like hardness, tensile strength, and bending strength, addressing prevalent challenges such as inconsistent weld quality caused by variations in welding settings. Experiments adhering to an L9 orthogonal array were executed, examining factors such as welding current, gas flow rate, and filler rod diameter. Results demonstrated significant correlations between these parameters and the mechanical properties of the welds. The findings reveal optimal conditions for achieving enhanced weld quality, with implications for industries requiring high-integrity welded structures. This research not only contributes to understanding the interactions of welding parameters but also promotes improved practices and technological advancements in welding applications.