Development of Fuel Extracting Machine for Converting Plastic Waste into Fuel for Sustainable Waste Management System: A Case of Hossana City

Abstract

The Exponential Growth In Plastic Production And Consumption Has Led To A Significant Plastic Waste Crisis, Particularly In Developing Regions, Such As Hossana City, Ethiopia. This Study Aimed To Address The Environmental And Health Challenges Posed By Plastic Waste Through The Development OfA Fuel-Extracting Machine That Converts Plastic Waste Into Fuel. The Primary Objective Is To Create A Sustainable Waste Management Solution To Mitigate Pollution And Provide An Alternative Energy Source. This Study Began By Identifying The Problem Of Inadequate Plastic Waste Management In Hossana City, Highlighting The Environmental Degradation And Health Risks Associated With Plastic Accumulation. The Objective Of This Study Is To Design And Develop A Machine That Utilizes Pyrolysis Technology To Convert Plastic Waste Into Pyrolysis Oil, Char, And Hydrocarbon Gas. The Methodology Includes The Conceptual And Detailed Design Of The Machine's Reactor, Condenser System, And Body Frame, Followed By The Characterization Of The Physicochemical Properties Of The Produced Fuel And Emission Tests. The Results Showed That 49% Of The Plastic Waste Was Converted Into Pyrolysis Oil, 8%Into Char, And 43% Into Gas, Thereby Demonstrating The Efficiency Of The Process. The Properties Of The Produced Pyrolysis Oil Included A Calorific Value Of 41.318 Mj/Kg, A Density Of 0.789 G/Ml At15??C, And A Kinematic Viscosity Of 2.31 Mm??/S At 40??C. These Results Indicate That The Produced Pyrolysis Oil Has A High Calorific Value And Properties Comparable To Those Of Diesel Fuel, Making ItA Viable Alternative. Emission Tests Confirmed That The Fuel Met Environmental Standards, Suggesting That The Machine Can Effectively Reduce Plastic Waste While Providing A Sustainable Energy Source. The Application Of This Technology Extends Beyond Hossana City, Offering A Scalable Solution For Other Regions Facing Similar Challenges. By Converting Plastic Waste Into Valuable Fuel, This Innovation Promotes Environmental Sustainability, Reduces Reliance On Fossil Fuels, And Enhances Waste Management Practices. In Conclusion, The Development Of A Fuel-Extracting Machine Represents A Significant Advancement In Sustainable Waste Management And Energy Production, Addressing Critical Environmental Issues And Contributing To A Cleaner And Healthier Future.