Experimental investigation on diesel Engine Performance with Diesel- alcohol Emulsion: Effect of Ethanol content, Injection Timing and NiZnFe2O4 Nanoparticle Addition

Abstract

The depletion of petroleum resources and hazardous emissions from conventional fuels are pushing researchers to work on biofuels. Many alternative solutions with the use of alcohols, vegetable oils, blends of diesel and alcohols, and biodiesel have been studied. Out of the numerous works carried out so far, this research aims to investigate the performance and emission characteristics of ethanol-diesel emulsions by adding NiZnFe2O4 three-element nanoparticles and the influence of varying the fuel injection timing on selected fuel samples. Emulsifying ethanol in diesel has many advantages, such as reducing the amount of diesel fuel imported, protecting the environment by controlling harmful exhaust emissions, and encouraging local ethanol producers. The methodology followed includes the preparation of ethanol-diesel emulsion by using stirrer and ultrasonicator with different proportions, studying the stability of the fuel, and then conducting performance and emission experiments on a CI engine with the prepared emulsions as fuel. The performance test is conducted on a single cylinder engine with eddy current type dynamometer. Exhaust gas analyzer and smoke opacity meter are used to measure the exhaust emission. The test results are compared with the baseline data obtained with diesel fuel. The Stability test showed ethanol amount increment in the emulsion shortened the stability of the sample fuel. To obtain the performance and emission data Single cylinder air cooled engine with eddy current type dynamometer, exhaust gas analyzer and smoke opacity meter are used. The torque and power output of the engine when rune with the sample fuels indicated reduction with the amount of ethanol increase. The torque reduction for the fuel samplesE5, E10 and E15 are 15.5, 5 and 15.7% respectively. To improve the power output of the ethanol diesel emulsion the three elemental nanoparticle adding improved by 2.8% for the fuel sample E10with 100ppm nanoparticle addition. More over the advancing of the injection timing also improved the torque output by about 2.6%. In the same way the power reduction for the same fuel samples are recorded in the same manner. Specific fuel consumption is also increased with the amount of ethanol increase. The use of nanoparticle as additive reduced the fuel consumption by 27.86 % for E10-3N-50 fuel sample compared with E10. To obtain the performance and emission data Single cylinder air cooled engine with eddy current type dynamometer, exhaust gas analyzer and smoke opacity meter are used. The torque and power output of the engine when rune with the sample fuels indicated reduction with the amount of ethanol increase. The torque reduction for the fuel samplesE5, E10 and E15 are 15.5 5 and 15.7% respectively. To improve the power output of the ethanol diesel emulsion the three elemental nanoparticle adding improved by 2.8% for the fuel sample E10with 100ppm nanoparticle addition. More over the advancing of the injection timing also improved the torque output by about 2.6%. In the same way the power reduction for the same fuel samples are recorded in the same manner. Specific fuel consumption is also increased with the amount of ethanol increase. The use of nanoparticle as additive reduced the fuel consumption by 27.86 % for E10-3N-50 fuel sample compared with E10. The emission test results indicated the use of ethanol increased the CO2 and reduced HC, CO, NOx and smoke emission. The use of nanoparticle and advancing the injection timing also further reduced HC, CO and smoke emission. However NOx emission is noticed to be increased as the nanoparticle amount is increased and injection timing is advanced.The Depletion Of Petroleum Resources And Hazardous Emissions From Conventional Fuels Are Pushing Researchers To Work On Biofuels. Many Alternative Solutions With The Use Of Alcohols, Vegetable Oils, Blends Of Diesel And Alcohols, And Biodiesel Have Been Studied. Out Of The Numerous Works Carried Out So Far, This Research Aims To Investigate The Performance And Emission Characteristics Of Ethanol-Diesel Emulsions By Adding Niznfe2o4 Three-Element Nanoparticles And The Influence Of Varying The Fuel Injection Timing On Selected Fuel Samples. Emulsifying Ethanol In Diesel Has Many Advantages, Such As Reducing The Amount Of Diesel Fuel Imported, Protecting The Environment By Controlling Harmful Exhaust Emissions, And Encouraging Local Ethanol Producers. The Methodology Followed Includes The Preparation Of Ethanol-Diesel Emulsion By Using Stirrer And Ultrasonicator With Different Proportions, Studying The Stability Of The Fuel, And Then Conducting Performance And Emission Experiments On A Ci Engine With The Prepared Emulsions As Fuel. The Performance Test Is Conducted On A Single Cylinder Engine With Eddy Current Type Dynamometer. Exhaust Gas Analyzer And Smoke Opacity Meter Are Used To Measure The Exhaust Emission. The Test Results Are Compared With The Baseline Data Obtained With Diesel Fuel. The Stability Test Showed Ethanol Amount Increment In The Emulsion Shortened The Stability Of The Sample Fuel. To Obtain The Performance And Emission Data Single Cylinder Air Cooled Engine With Eddy Current Type Dynamometer, Exhaust Gas Analyzer And Smoke Opacity Meter Are Used. The Torque And Power Output Of The Engine When Rune With The Sample Fuels Indicated Reduction With The Amount Of Ethanol Increase. The Torque Reduction For The Fuel Samplese5, E10And E15 Are 15.5, 5 And 15.7% Respectively. To Improve The Power Output Of The Ethanol Diesel Emulsion The Three Elemental Nanoparticle Adding Improved By 2.8% For The Fuel Sample E10with100ppm Nanoparticle Addition. More Over The Advancing Of The Injection Timing Also Improved The Torque Output By About 2.6%. In The Same Way The Power Reduction For The Same Fuel Samples Are Recorded In The Same Manner. Specific Fuel Consumption Is Also Increased With The Amount Of Ethanol Increase. The Use Of Nanoparticle As Additive Reduced The Fuel Consumption By 27.86 %For E10-3n-50 Fuel Sample Compared With E10. To Obtain The Performance And Emission Data Single Cylinder Air Cooled Engine With Eddy Current Type Dynamometer, Exhaust Gas Analyzer And Smoke Opacity Meter Are Used. The Torque And Power Output Of The Engine When Rune With The Sample Fuels Indicated Reduction With The Amount Of Ethanol Increase. The Torque Reduction For The Fuel Samplese5, E10 And E15 Are 15.5 5 And 15.7% Respectively. To Improve The Power Output Of The Ethanol Diesel Emulsion The Three Elemental Nanoparticle Adding Improved By 2.8%For The Fuel Sample E10with 100ppm Nanoparticle Addition. More Over The Advancing Of The njection Timing Also Improved The Torque Output By About 2.6%. In The Same Way The Power Reduction For The Same Fuel Samples Are Recorded In The Same Manner. Specific Fuel Consumption Is Also Increased With The Amount Of Ethanol Increase. The Use Of Nanoparticle As Additive Reduced The Fuel Consumption By 27.86 % For E10-3n-50 Fuel Sample Compared With E10. The Emission Test Results Indicated The Use Of Ethanol Increased The Co2 And Reduced Hc, Co, Nox And Smoke Emission. The Use Of Nanoparticle And Advancing The Injection Timing Also Further Reduced Hc, Co And Smoke Emission. However Nox Emission Is Noticed To Be Increased As The Nanoparticle Amount Is Increased And Injection Timing Is Advanced.