Effect of Shading Device on Indoor thermal comfort in Condominium Building: The case of Adama city, Ethiopia

Abstract

Indoor thermal comfort has a significant impact on individuals' moods and working conditions. Indoor thermal comfort can be improved through appropriate building materials, optimal sizing of openings, and the incorporation of outdoor spaces that offer shade and natural ventilation. One effective strategy for creating a friendly atmosphere is through the utilization of shading devices. In this study, the effect of shading devices on thermal comfort in Adama condominium buildings is evaluated, as is the efficiency of these sun shading elements in creating a thermally comfortable atmosphere. The scope of the study is limited to condominium buildings in Adama, Ethiopia. This study identifies shading devices' effects and influences on thermal comfort depending on their type, orientation, and location. In order to achieve the study's objective, using a questionnaire, occupant perception and indoor climate variables (temperature, humidity, daylight illuminance, and air velocity) were measured using thermal media. Instruments and data collected from April 20 to May 10 and the extent to which shading devices affect thermal comfort were analyzed using simulation software (Ecotect software) and sun paths of location. From 122 blocks in Adama City, 21 blocks used shading devices, and simulations were performed on south, west, and south west-facing rooms. Collected data on occupant satisfaction shows that occupants are uncomfortable with the existing shading device. Dimension and proportion of the new shading device for the required overheated month for south-facing rooms identify HSA = 45°, VSA = 58°, and EPA = 30° W and 88°E; southwest-facing rooms have HSA = no, VSA = 32°, and EPA = 53° NW and 78° SE; and west-facing rooms have HSA = - VSA = 32°, and EPA = 53° NW and 58° SE have good performance and were evaluated using simulation software. South-facing room temperatures range from 15.6°C to 18.40°C for the new overhang shading device; west-facing room temperatures range from 19.5°C to 23°C for the new overhang shading device; and southwest-facing room temperature 19.6°C to 22.8°C for the new overhang shading device. This study concluded that the effects of the shading device in the Adama condominium building on occupant satisfaction have no desired performance and are thermally uncomfortable. From this finding, it’s recommended that during the design process simulation of the building model, understating the sun's trajectory helps to improve thermal comfort and reduce excessive solar radiation