Experimental Investigation on Common Bean Straw Ash as A Partial Replacement of Cement in Non-structural Concrete

Abstract

Cement Is One Of The Most Expensive And Environmentally Unfriendly Concrete Ingredients. Its Manufacturing Depletes Natural Resources, Emits Carbon Dioxide, And Raises Cost. However, Using Supplementary Cementitious Materials Derived From Agricultural Waste Products As A Partial Cement Replacement In Concrete Helps To Reduce The Environmental And Economic Impacts Of Cement Production. Therefore, The Current Study Aimed To Investigate The Use Of Common Bean Straw Ash As A Partial Cement Replacement In Non-Structural Concrete Production, Along With Its Effect On The Workability, Compressive Strength, Water Absorption, And Microstructure Of Concrete, Including Its Environmental And Economic Implications. Common Bean Straw Ash Was Prepared From Common Bean Straw, And Its Chemical Composition Investigated Through A Complete Silica Analysis. The American Concrete Institute's Mix Design Method Was Used To Develop Concrete Mix Design For C-15 Concrete Grade. The Control Mix Was Made From A Mixture Of Cement, Water, And Fine And Coarse Aggregate, Whereas The Replacement Mix Was Made With Common Bean Straw Ash Added At 5, 10, And 15% Of The Cement By Weight. As A Result, Common Bean Straw Ash Is Classified As A Pozzolanic Material With A High Silicon Dioxide Content. Due To The Extra Water Demand Of The Ash, The Workability Of The Concrete Decreased As The Amount Of Common Bean Straw Ash In The Concrete Mix Increased. The Compressive Strength Of Concrete Was Improved By 3.65 %T For 5% Replacement At 28 Days Of Curing As Compared To Control Mix. This Is Due To The Formation Of Additional Calcium Silicate Hydrate Gel In The Concrete. However, It Decreased At 10 And 15% Replacement Due To The Water-Absorbent Of The Ash And Reduction In Cement Amount. As A Result, Concrete With 5% Replacement Had The Maximum Compressive Strength. Furthermore, Water Absorption Of The Concrete Increased As The Percentage Of Replacement Increased Because Of The Porous Surface Of The Ash. In Comparison To The Control Mix, Microstructural Analysis Of The Concrete Indicated More Calcium Silicate Hydrate Gels At 5% Replacement. In Conclusion, Based On The Findings Of The Current Study, Common Bean Straw Ash Can Be Utilized As A Partial Replacement For Cement, Enhancing The Compressive Strength Of Concrete While Reducing The Environmental Impact Of Cement Manufacturing