Synthesis And Characterization Of 5-Hydroxymethylfufural From Microcrystalline Cellulose Using Biomass Based Solid Acid Catalyst

Abstract

With Growing Concerns On Environmental Issues And Energy Crisis, Biomass Resources Have Attracted Much Attention As A Renewable Source Of Fuels, Chemicals And Carbon-Based Catalyst. Among The Possible Biomass-Derived Chemicals Is 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (Hmf). It Was Produced From Hexose Sugar Content Biomass By Heating In Acid Catalyst And Solvent System. Sulfonated Carbon-Based Solid Acid Catalyst Was Produced From Corn Cob Biomass For 5-Hmf Synthesis. A Sulfonated Carbon Material Was Prepared By Soaking 50g Of Corncob Powder With 85%V/V Of H3po4 With Desired Ratio 1 And This Activated Corncob Carbonize At 450oc For 8hr In Muffle Furnace And Followed By Sulfonation With Concentrations Of 98%V/V Of Sulfuric Acid. The Sulfonation Variables For The Synthesis Of Sulfonated Biochar-Based Catalysts Were Optimized Using The Response Surface Method (Rsm) Within The Box Behnken Design Method. Also, In This Study Catalytic Conversion Of Micro crystalline Cellulose In To 5-Hmf And The Effect Of Reaction Conditions Temperature, Time And Catalyst Loading On The Concentration Of 5-Hmf Were Investigated. Micro crystalline Cellulose (Mcc) Was Converted Into 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (Hmf) Using Optimized Sulfonated Carbon-Based Catalyst In Biphasic Solvent System (2-Methyl Tetra hydrofuran 2-Mthf/Water At Ratios Of 1: 4 With Nacl(4wt%). The Effects Of Three Sulfonation Variables Were Investigated, Namely, Temperature (80-200oc), Time (12-19hr) And The Ratio Of Concentrated Sulfuric Acid To Biochar (3: 1 - 25: 1 Ml/ G). Of The Three Parameters Examined, The Relationship Between Sulfonation Temperature And Sulfonation Time Was Found To Be The Most Important Parameter In The Acid Density Of The Sulfonic Acid Group Because It Has A Low P-Value. The Optimal Sulfonation Conditions Generated Numerically By The Rsm Were 161.9oc Temperature, 16.78hr Of Time And A Ratio Of 13.03:1ml/G Of Concentrated Sulfuric Acid To Biochar, Which Resulted In A Density Of Sulfone Groups Of 1.27mmol /G. The Optimal Sulfonated Biochar Catalyst Was Characterized By Acid Group Titration, Thermogravimetric Analysis (Tga), X-Ray Diffraction (Xrd), Fourier Infrared Spectroscopy (Ftir), And Scanning Electron Microscopy (Sem) To Determine Its Properties.Maximum Conversion Of Microcrystalline Cellulose And 5-Hmf Concentration Was Observed At 190oc For 4hr Catalyst Load 0.3g. 5-Hmf Product Was Analyzed Using Uv-Vis, Ft-Ir And Hplc.